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a: Dextrose or glucose tablets If you have Diabetes and are experiencing hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) dextrose or glucose tablets is your best solution. If your blood glucose is less than 70 mg/dL and are having low blood glucose symptoms, then you may need to take the dextrose tablets. Dextrose or glucose tablets should only be used when you have a low blood glucose reaction. Your doctor or Diabetes educator should teach you how to spot the signs of low blood glucose and when to use the tablets. You should keep them with you at all times and you should keep some at home.
c: 140/80 mmHg If you have Diabetes you should aim to keep your blood pressure well-controlled. Having high blood pressure (hypertension) is one of several risk factors that can increase your chance of developing heart disease, a stroke and some other complications. Treatment includes a change in lifestyle risk factors where these can be improved.
a: True - Sugar is a carbohydrate. Sugar is often referred to as a simple or fast-acting carbohydrate.
There are two main types of sugar:
naturally occurring sugars such as those present in milk or fruit
added sugars such as those added during processing such as fruit canned in heavy syrup or sugar added to make a cookie
c: Fruit juice - You can find up to 9 grams of sugar in one glass of orange juice - almost as much as a glass of soda! The USDA recommends eating a whole orange instead, to get the added benefit of dietary fibre; studies also show that choosing whole fruits, like apples and grapes, over their juice counterparts can help lower the risk for Type 2 Diabetes.
c: 45-65% - According to the Institute of Medicine, children and adults should consume 45-65 per cent of their calorie intake as carbohydrates, and at least 130 grams of carbs per day. Since lowering your carb intake and increasing protein intake can help reduce your total calorie intake for weight loss, aim to consume about 50 per cent of your calories from carbs for successful weight loss. Although carbs should make up the majority of your calorie intake, limit "bad" carbs such as refined grains and added sugars as much as possible.
b: Any insulin - An insulin pump can help you manage your Diabetes. By using an insulin pump, you can match your insulin to your lifestyle, rather than getting an insulin injection and matching your life to how the insulin is working. When you work closely with your Diabetes care team, insulin pumps can help you keep your blood glucose levels within your target ranges. People of all ages with Type 1 Diabetes use insulin pumps and people with Type 2 Diabetes have started to use them as well.
c: Both a and b (Type 1 and 2 Diabetes) Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication in people with Diabetes mellitus. It happens predominantly in those with Type 1 Diabetes, but it can occur in those with Type 2 Diabetes under certain circumstances. DKA results from a shortage of insulin; in response the body switches to burning fatty acids and producing acidic ketone bodies that cause most of the symptoms and complications.
d: All of these (single medication, multiple medication, insulin) - The first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes is diet, weight control and physical activity. If your blood sugar (glucose) level remains high despite a trial of these lifestyle measures then a single or multiple tablets are prescribed to reduce the blood glucose level. In some cases, insulin injections are needed if the blood glucose level remains too high despite taking tablets.
Treatments for other related problems may also be advised.
a: Continuous glucose monitoring - Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is a small wearable device that tracks your blood glucose levels throughout the day and night, notifying you of highs and lows so you can take action. CGM helps to minimize the guesswork that comes from making decisions based solely on a number from a blood glucose meter reading, for better Diabetes management.
